Apparatus for recording



Jan. 15, 1946. H. w. RUSSELL ETAL Re. 22,709

APPARATUS FOR RECORDING TEMPERATURE Original Filed Oct. 31, 1941 I5 Sheets-Sheet 1 more: :tr 1: R RECORDER l fl 1 4 i 9 v W v a Fig. 1

5 r zuernn: nzcannk 1444716481.! WITH 4 7795 60! Fill! V INVENTORS h'a word 14. Russell Char/es I. Lucks.

Jan, 15, 1946. w RUSSELL r Re. 22,709

APPARATUS FOR RECORDING TEMPERATURE Original Filed Oct. 31, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS Howard W Purse/l Char/es F Lac/rs.

ATTOR Y5 Jan. 15, 1946. H. w. RUSSELL ETAL 22,709

APPARATUS FOR RECORDING TEMPERATURE Original Filed Oct. 31, 1941 S Sheets-Sheet 3 as 5 am ouu a TPI. N WW5 R 5 m mw A Ma 4% BY 'm Reissues] Jan. 15, 1946 Dial L'ii

Howard w. Russell and Charles F. Lacks.

Columbus, Ohio, ments, to Anchor all s m Hocking by memo assign- Giass C rp r tion,

Lancaster, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware Original No.'2,377,3'l6,- dated June 5. 1945, Serial No. 417,364, October 81, 1941.

Application for I reissue October 18, 1945, Serial No. 823,155

30lalms.

Our invention relates to apparatus for recording temperature. It has to do, more particularly. with the measurement and recording of temperature at intermittent intervals. It is particularly useful for the measurement and recording of the temperature of glass gobs as they are interprior art methods, various forms of apparatus have been used. In each prior art apparatus an auxiliary energy source. acting on the temperature-sensitive device or recorder 01' the apparatus. has been used in substitution for the eflect obtained when the bodies are in the field of view of the temperature-sensitive device. All of these prior art devices require that the auxiliary energy source be so adjusted that the effect caused by it is equal or nearly equal to the effect caused by exposure of the temperature-sensitive device to the bodies, the temperatures 01 which are being measured. In general, a. change in the temperature of the body will cause an irregular record to be obtained until an equivalent adjustment is made in the auxiliary energy source.

One of the objects of our invention is to provide an apparatus for measuring and recording the temperature of object at intermittent intervals so as to obtain a continuous temperature record without variations appearing on thereoord unless a change in temperature of the objects actually takes place.

Another object of our invention is to-provide a device which is useful for measuring and recording at intermittent intervals the temperature of both stationary and moving bodies.

Another object of our invention is to provide a device of the type indicated which is particularly useful in the measurement and recording of the temperature of succesive glass gobs drop- Ding intermittently from a feeder orifice, so as to obtain a continuous temperature record of the gobs without variations appearing on the record unless a change in temperature of the successive gobs takes place.

by exposure of the temperature-sensitive device to the bodies being measured.

In the following description as an example of the application of our method, we'have employed moving bodies intermittently spaced, the temperature of which it is desired to measure and record. However, it should be understood that it is also within the scope of our invention to measure and record the temperature of any body, moving or stationary, at intermittent intervals.

The preferred embodiment of our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts and wherein:

Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a system we may employ for obtaining a continuous temperature recordof moving bodies intermittently spaced.

Figure 2 is a similar view but showing the bodies in diflerent positions relative to the temperaturesensitive device.

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating apparatus which may be employed for measuring and recording the temperature of glass gobs as they are dropped from the feeder.

Figure 4 is a view illustrating generally the various units of which our apparatus may be eonstituted.

Figurefiisaviewsimilartollgure 3butillugtrating another form of apparatus which we may employ. 1

With reference to the drawings, in Figures 1 and 2, we have illustrated schematically a system which we provide for'obtaining a continuou temperature record of moving bodies intermittently spaced. As previously indicated, these moving bodies may be gobs'of glass or any other bodies, the temperature of which is to be measured. In these two figures, the bodies B are shown moving in the direction of the arrows. For the sake of clearness, in Figures 1 and 2 the apparatus is not shown in detail but the general system is shown. The details of the apparatus will be described subsequently'with reference to Figures 3 and 4.

InFigures 1 and 2, the endless, BandCare shown moving past a suitable temperature-sensitive device I of satisfactory, and preferably in-' stantaneous, response. A recorder 2 of a suit- Another object of our invention is to provide an apparatus for use in measuring and recording temperature in the manner indicated which requlresnoauxiliaryenersysourcetoactassuch on the temperature-sensitive device or recorder whichmustbeadlustedsothattheeil'ectcaund able type is connected to the temperature-responsive device I by any suitable means indicated by the line 3. This recorder I is properly designed and calibrated for use with the temperature-sensitive device I. The connection 3 maybedirectasshowninrigures 1 and2, or

byitiso ualcrnearlyequsltotheeifectcaused Ii yi ta ie ampliflerorconverteror InFlgure i,wehaveshownthebodyBinposi-.

tion to cover the whole field or action the temperature-sensitive device I. At thistime. the

cam II has forced the contact 6 into contact with the contact 5. Closing of switch! in this manner permits the recorder 2 to move in response to the output of the temperature-sensitive device I and thus record the temperature of the body B which is in the field where it produces its efiect on the temperature-sensitive device I. In Figure 2, we have shown the body B out of the field where it acts on the temperaturesensitive device I, The output of the temperature-sensitive vdevice I has, consequently, decreased from the constant maximum value when body B covered its whole field or action to a value depending on the positions or bodies A and B with respect to the field or action oi the temperature-sensitive device I. The output 01 the device I will again reach a constant maximum value when the body A covers the whole field of action. thereoi. When, as in Figure 2, the whole field oi. action of the temperature-sensitive device I is not covered by one of the bodies, the contacts and 6 or switch I will be open, due to the position of cam-I I, which will cause the recorder to remain in the position it last reached when body B covered the whole fieldot action or the temperature-sensitive device I. As previously indicated, the operation of switch 4 is synchronized with the movement 01' the bodies A, B and 0 so that the contacts 5 and 6 thereof are closed by cam II, attachedto a moving support I2 only when one or the bodies covers the whole field of action or the temperature-sensitive device I. At all other times, thecontacts 5 and 8 are open.

If during the time the recorder 2 is permitted to respond to the output or the temperaturesensitive device I, sufilcient time does not elapse for the'recorder to move into position for recording the temperature or the body, it will do so after several bodies have passed the temperature-sensitive device I and the recording member thereof will attain and remain at the proper temperature point on the record. A change in the temperature of the bodies successively passing the temperature-sensitive device I will cause the recording member of the recorder to move to a point corresponding to the new temperature. Thus, 'by permitting the recorder 2 to be active only during the time the whole field or action of the temperature-sensitive device I iscovered by a body, such as B, and maintaining the recorder in its previous position when the whole field of action or the device I is not covered, a continuous temperature record is obtained without variations appearing on the record unless there is a difference in the temperature or successive bodies.

cam

In some" instances controlling the recorder mechanismlsothatitrespondsonlywhenthe whole field or action of the temper ture-semi tive device I is covered, may best be accomplished by reversing the action or the "switch contacts I and I. In fact, devices other than the switch may be used to accomplish the desired end without depart n f m th spirit or this invention. The method or controlling the response of the recorder mechanism may be accomplished in various ways depending upon the type or recorder used and what means it employs iorbringing the recording member to position for recording temperature. One example, is the opening and closing or the balancing motor circuit oi. a recorder using such a motor for movement of the recording Den. Another example. is pen movement caused by the position oi a galvanometer or millivoltmeter pointer, in which case a clamp actuated by means or a solenoid controlled by a switch, or an air bellows controlled by a piston, might be used. It should be clear, that although recorders only have been mentioned as the means 01 translating-the output of the temperature-sensitive device I to a temperature record, it is also within the scope of this invention to use devices such as those classed as temperature indicators, controllers, indicator controllers, and recorder controllers.

In the production of glassware by machin molten glass from the melting tank flows into a heated feeder or spout. The fiow of glass from the feeder to the machine may be controlled by a needle or plunger synchronized with the molding or forming machine. For each piece of ware, glass flows out of an orifice at the end oi the feeder and at the proper time is sheared to a charge or gob of glass of predetermined size which drops into a mold on the forming machine. Normal rates of production require that the charge of glass or gob is started, formed and sheared in about'one second. In order to measure and record the temperature of the gob, the temperature-sensitive device and recorder must have an eii'ective response time which is much less than one second.

0! the radiant-energy sensitive devices now in certain types of photocells have the necessary response. Present recorders, such as the potentiometer and millivoltmeter types, will not attain a balance point in a period less than one second. Ii a recorder with a suillcient short time of response could be obtained in the art, it would,

when connected to the proper temperaturesensitive device, sighted on glass gobs leaving the feeder orifice, yield an irregular record with only the peaks of the record curve having value. The reading of the record would thus bedifilcult and confusing. However, the device which we provide can by our method produce a continuous temperature record of the gob temperature without variations appearing on the record unless there is a difference in the temperature of successive gobs. In' Figures 3 and 4, we have illustrated a method and device by which this result can be accomplished.

In Figure 3, we show a body B which may be a gob of glass that has just been formed and is 'passing through a suitable path to a mold on the glass-forming machine. At the desired location in this path it covers the whole field oi view of the temperature-sensitive device I which, in this instance, is a radiant energy sensitive device such as a photoelectric cell. The field of view of the photoelectric cell I is restricted by means i g earoo g 3 qtmmsmmnmummuu rated. hlineflleadsfromthelinsfl. Ashunt ingopeninslllandllreepectiveiy. Theanode line12isconnectedtoline1|atthepointl9and ll andthec'athode lloithephotoelectriccelii toline 99 at the point 14. Asecond shunt line areconnectedbywiresflandarespectivelyto' an A. C. operated D. C. amplifier indicated Ienerally by the numeral 2| directedto the dotted line which encloses the various parts thereof.

The recorder 2 is connected to the amplifier 2| by means oilines 22 and 29. The lines I9, 29. 22 and 99 correspond to the connecting means 9 oil iguresiand2torconnectingthetemperatare-sensitive device I to the recorder 2. Radiant energy from the gob B will pass through the openings l5 and ll of diaphraams l9 and I4 and will activate photoelectric cell I. The output from photoelectric cell i is amplified by the amplifier 2|. The output from amplifier 2| is applied throuzh the lines 22 and 29 to the recorder 2 causing it to recordthe temperature of gob B. The elements ofamplifier 2| are designed to give a constant output of suificient intensity to operate recorder 2 and are such that variations in the output of photoelectric cell i will cause corresponding changes in the output of the amplifier 2|. Any amplifier possessing these qualities may be substituted for the circuit shown in Figure 3 without departing from the spirit of this invention. In fact, it may be preferable to use an A. C. amplifier or a D. C.-A. C. converter and an A. C. amplifier. In some cases no amplifier may be required. I

The amplifier circuit shown in Figure 3 will now be described in detail. The numerals 24 and 25 designate the poles of a single-throw doublepole switch connected in the lines l9 and 29. The line 29 is connected to a grid 25 of pentode tube 21. The screen 29 of this tube is connected to a line 29 and the suppressor 99 thereof is connected to a line 9|.- The cathode 94 of this tube is connected by line 95 to line 9| while the filament 95 of this tube is connected to lines 91 and 99. Line 29 is provided with a resistor 299. The line 29 is connected to a line 99 in which is interposed two 75-volt voltage-regulating tubes 49 and 4| and a 90-volt voltage-regulating tube 42. Each of these tubes includes a cathode 49 and an anode 44. The line 99 is also connected to resistors 45, 45 and 41,'which are connected to each other. The resistor 41 is connected by the line 9| to the suppressor 99 of the tube 21. The line 9| is also connected to the line 29 leading to recorder 2. The line 22 is connected to a variable contact 49 which cooperates with resistors 45, 45 and 41. Line 22 is grounded as at 49. The line I9 is also connected to the line 99 between the tubes 49 and 4|. Line I9 is provided with a resistor I99. The line 99 is connected to the line 39 at-the point 5|. In the line 99 between the plate 92 of tube 21 and the point 5|, a load-resistor 52 is interposed. The line 99 is also connected at the point 59 to a line 54. This line 54 has interposed therein two 159- volt voltage-regulating tubes 55 and 55. Each of these tubes includes a cathode 51 and an anode 59. The line 54 is connected to a limiting resistor 59 which is connected to a voltage supply resistor 59 which, in turn, is connected to another voltage supply resistor 5| that is connected to line 99. A variable contact 52 is associated with the resistor 59 and is connected by a line 59, which includes a grid resistor 54, to the line 29 at the point 55. Beyond the point 59 in the line 99 a limiting resistor 55 is incorporated. A line 51' connects the lines 99 and 54 at points 59 and 59 beyond the resistor 95 and tube 55 respectively. Inthislinell afiltercondenser llisincorpo- 19isconnectedtoline1|atthepoint15andto line 99 at the point 11. Line 12 has a filter condenser 19incorporatedtherein while line 15 has a filter condenser 19 incorporated therein. A filter choke 99 is disposed in line 99 between the points 14 and 11. Beyond the point 11 the line 99 is connected at the point 9| to the filament circuit 92 which includes the filament 99 of a rectitying tube 94. The two plates 95 of this tube are connected in a plate circuit 99. Beyond the point 15, the line 1| is provided with a filter choke 91. The end of this line 1| is connected to the center tap 99 to the high-voltage secondary 99 of a power-transformer. The secondary 99 is incorporated in the plate circuit 99. The filament circuit 92 of tube 94 includes a low-voltage secondary 99 of a power transformer. The lines 91 and 99 running'irom filament 99 of tube 21 are connected to a low-voltage secondary 9| of a power transformer. The secondary 9| is grounded at the center tap by a ground wire 92. The primary 99 of the power transformer is connected by lines 94 and 95 to a voltage regulator 95. This voltage regulator 95 may be connected to lines 91 and 99 leading from a 110-A. C. current supply. Poles 99 and M9 of a single-throw doublepole switch are incorporated in the respective lines 94 and 95. The recorder 2 is connected by lines 1 and 9 to the switch 4, as previously de-- scribed.

The operation of the amplifier is as follows: With switch contacts 24 and 25 open, that is, with photoelectric cell i disconnected from the amplifier 2|, the grid bias potential applied to grid 25 of pentode 21 is adjusted by sliding contact 52 along resistor 59 so that the output of the amplifier 2| is sufllcient to operate recorder 2. After this initial adjustment, contacts 24 and 25 are closed and the output of photoelectric cell I, acting through resistor 54, controls the grid bias potential of grid 25. Variations in the potential of grid 25 cause variations in the output of pentode 21. The output of pentode 21 is made efiective upon the recorder 2 through connections 22 and 29 leading from the recorder 2 to the resisters 45, and 41 in the cathode 94 side of the output circuit of pentode 21. Movable contact 49, connected to line 22, provides an additional selection for the amount of initial output and variations in output from amplifier 2| that is applied to the recorder 2.

As previously indicated, the recorder 2 is connected by the wires 1 and 9 to the switch 4. As indicated in Figures 3 and 4, this switch may be actuated by the roller l9 which is carried by a spring |9| secured to the housing of the switch 4. Movement of the roller l9 will cause movement of the link 9 which will cause the contacts 5 and 9 of the switch 4 to engage each other. This movement or the roller II, as previously explained, may be caused by a cam This cam may be supported on a movable support |2 which. for example, may be a rotating disk as shown in Figure 4. Rotation of this disk |2 will be timed with the intermittent feed of the glass gobs so that each time a gob covers the entire field of view of the photoelectric cell I, the circuit to the recorder 2 will be completed by switch 4 but at all other times the circuit will be broken. Thus, the recorder will only record temperatures whileahodyisin thefieldoiviewofthephotoelectricceli Thereiore,novariaticnswi.ll-ap-,

photoelectric cell la, the plate current produced in the tube 210 will be effective on the grid I ll of the tube I" in order to operate relay H2 and close switch to thus causing the recorder in to function. As soon as gob B moves out of the field of view or cell in. the relay will be deenergized, allowing the switch to to open and render the recorder inoperative. Thus, the recorder will i'unction only when a gob is in the field oi view or the photoelectric cell la.

It will be apparent that with our apparatus, the temperature recorder will function only when each of the successive gobs is in position to cover the whole field of view of the photoelectric cell. This will result in a continuous temperature record of the gobs without variations appearing on 4 sa'roc pearcnth'ctemperaturerecordimlessthcreis thercccrdunlessachangeintcmperatureolthe variaticnintcmpcratureinthesuccc-iveglass successivegobstakesplacc..'rheapparatusrcgobs. Itis-tobeunderstoodthatanysuitable qiuresnoauxiliar energ sourcetoactassuch temperature recorder now commonly in use may on the temperature-sensitive device or recorder beemployed. 'lherecorderlshowninl'iaurel 5 whichmust,asintheprior art.beadiustedso is provided with a penill. llovementof this that the elect caused by it is equal or nearly, penlllmaybecontrolledinanysuitablemanner equaltotheefiectcausedbyexposureofthetemsuch as by a balancing motor of a series split perature-sensitive device to the bodies being field wound type. This recorder is provided with measured. Our apparatus is useful for measura chart I audit willbe noted that the tem- 1 ingandrecording temperatureofspacedmoving peratureindicetlnglineiumadebythepenill bodies,asdescribed,butitmayalsobeemployed on the chart'will normally be a straight line. to measure and record the temperature of any In l'lgure 6, we have illustrated a modification body, moving or stationary, at intermittent inof apparatus which we may employ. This appatervals. ratus is similar to that shown in Figure 3 but, Variousotheradvantageswillbeapparentfrom inthisinstance,insteadofemployingacamtheprecedingdescriptiomthedrawingsandthe operated switch for rendering the recorder operafollowing claims. tive, when the gob is in the field 01' view of the Having thus described our invention, what we photoelectric cell, we employ a relay controlled claim is: I switch which is actuated by the photoelectric cell 1'. Apparatus for measuring and recording the when a gob moves into the field of view thereof. temperature of gobs of glass fed intermittently In this figure, the parts corresponding to these from a glass feeder, comprising a photoelectric shown in Figure 3 are designated with the same cell disposed adjacent the path of travel or said numeral having the sufiix a.. gobs whereby the gobs wfll move successively into In this form of the apparatus the circuit, in the field of view of the cell, a recorder ofanelecthe main, is like that of Figure 3. However, the trlcally operated type, means for interconnecting line Ila leading from the plate 82a of tube 21a said recorder and said photoelectric cell and inis connected to the grid III of an ampliiying tube eluding an amplifying circuit, and means timed ill. The filament ill of this tube is connected, with the travel of said gobs of glass whereby said by a line ill, to the line Ila and, by a line I", recorder will be operative when the successive to the line "a connected to the secondary Ila gobs move into the field of view of the photoof the transformer. The plate ill of tube 'III is electric cell and inoperative when said gobs move connected by a line I l i to a relay I II which is also out of the field of view oi said cell. connected to the line "a. Line "a is provided 2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said with a resistor HI and line 33a is provided with 85 last-named means comprises a circuit connected a condenser Ill. The relay Ill operates the to said recorder, and cam-controlled means timed switch la which is connected by lines is and In with the travel of said glass gobs past said phototo the recorder in. electric cell for making and breaking the circuit. In the operation of this form of the apparatus, 3. Apparatus for measuring and recording the when a gob B moves into the field or view of temperature of gobs of glass ted intermittently from a glass feeder, comprising a photoelectric cell disposed adjacent the path of travel of said gobs whereby the gobs will move successively into the field of view of the cell, an electrically actuated recorder including a movable pen, a circuit associated with the recorder, and cam-controlled means timed with the movement or said glass gobs past said. photoelectric cell for making and breaking said circuit whereby said recorder will be operative when the successive gobs move into the field .of view of the photoelectric cell and in.

operative when said gobs move out of the field 01" view of said cell.

HOWARD W..RUSSELL. CHARLES F. LUCKB. 

